The Sentence In English Grammar For Class 6

The Sentence

We use words whenever we want to express our thoughts. The words must be put together in a proper order, otherwise, they do not make any sense. Read these words: Mother food cooks his for him.

These words do not convey any sense. We need to re-arrange these words in an order which makes the sense clear. His mother cooks food for him is in proper order, which makes the sense clear.

A sentence is a group of words arranged in such a way that they give complete meaning to the sentence.

Three important things about a sentence are:

  • It is a group of words arranged in a proper order so as to make complete sense.
  • The first word of the sentence must begin with a capital letter.
  • The sentence must end with the proper punctuation mark.

The following groups of words are sentences because they follow the above rules:

  1. One must keep one’s promise. 
  2. Sudha belongs to a well-to-do family.
  3. Is Pawan your younger brother?
  4. The old man told us a story.
  5. I shall be very thankful to you.

SUBJECT AND PREDICATE

Every sentence is made up of two parts, a Subject and a Predicate.

  1. Subject is a word or a group of words about which something is said. In the sentence “Indu is well-versed in the art of painting”, the word ‘Indu’ is the Subject.
  2. Predicate is a word or a group of words which says something about the subject. In the above sentence, ‘is well-versed in the art of painting’ is the Predicate.

Exercise 1

Rearrange the following words in a proper order so as to make meaningful sentences:

  1. there is a will a where way is there.
  2. pays the run honesty is long.
  3. mother is for looking your you.
  4. of capital is Chandigarh Haryana the..
  5. of this is drink water the well not good to.
  6. balloons children like
  7. ran fox the the away with of cheese piece
  8. run the mice away cat the from.
  9. shortest year of the the is February month.
  10. fond are of children sweets eating
  11. a day an apple is eating health for good.
  12. map I helped to him draw the
  13. match draw in a ended the
  14. children park in the merrily played the.

Exercise 2

Pick out the Subject and the Predicate in the following sentences:

Subject Predicate

  1. Birth and learning do not make one a Brahmin.
  2. Happy is the contented man.
  3. She did not sing a sweet song.
  4. India wants peace in the world.
  5. The Sun rises in the East.
  6. India became free on 15th August, 1947.
  7. The moon shines in the sky.
  8. We have won the hockey match.
  9. Never backbite others.
  10. Did he meet you last Sunday?

THE PHRASE AND THE CLAUSE

Look at the following groups of words: in the evening, in the daytime, at 4 o’clock, at daybreak, in the north, at night

These groups of words make sense but not complete sense. Each group is called a Phrase.

A group of words that makes sense, but not complete sense, is called a Phrase.

Note: There is a verb in a sentence, whereas the phrase has no verb.

A Clause is a group of words which forms part of a sentence and contains a subject and a predicate.

Read the following sentences:

  1. I think that you have gone wrong.

In this clause, ‘you’ is Subject and have gone wrong’ is Predicate.

  1. People who are honest are respected.

In this clause, ‘who’ is Subject and are honest’ is Predicate.

  1. He looked tired when I met him. In this clause, I’ is Subject and ‘met him’ is Predicate.
  2. She has a ring which is made of gold.

In this clause, ‘ which is Subject and is made of gold’ is Predicate.

Exercise 3

State whether the following group of words is a Phrase (P), Clause (C) or a Sentence (S) and rewrite the sentences with proper punctuation marks:

  1. what a beautiful flower it is
  2. the boy threw the ball
  3. how many birds are there in the garden.
  4. if you eat too much
  5. because he was unwell
  6. early in the morning
  7. the boys have just gone out
  8. we enjoy playing cricket 9. that you wanted
  9. send these books to my address
  10. in a few hours
  11. why are you late 13, the rough muddy road
  12. made of milk
  13. this is an interesting story

KINDS OF SENTENCES

There are five kinds of sentences:

  1. Declarative or Assertive Sentences 
  2. Interrogative Sentences
  3. Imperative Sentences
  4. Exclamatory Sentences
  5. Optative Sentences
  6. DECLARATIVE OR ASSERTIVE SENTENCES

A Declarative or Assertive sentence makes only a statement and ends with full stop. It may be affirmative or negative.

Form (Subject+ Verb + Object + ……… )

Read the following sentences: 

  1. Our team played very well. (Affirmative)
  2. Deepali is good at English. (Affirmative)
  3. He did not write a letter. (Negative)
  4. She does not go out for a walk daily. (Negative)

We put a full stop (.) at the end of an assertive sentence.

  1. INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES

An Interrogative sentence asks a question.

Form: (Helping Verb + Subject+ Finite Verb + Object +……..?)

Read the following sentences:

  1. Did you lose the match?
  2. Who told a lie?
  3. Where do you live?
  4. Are the boys waiting for their teacher?
  5. Do you play any game?

We put a mark of interrogation (?) at the end of an interrogative sentence.

  1. IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

An Imperative sentence expresses a command (order), a request or an advice.

Form: (Do not/Always/Never/First form of the Verb+ …………… )

Read these sentences:

  1. Show me your homework. (Order)
  2. March forward. (Command)
  3. Do not alight from the moving bus. (Advice)
  4. Do not spit on the floor. (Prohibition)
  5. Please help me in this matter. (Request)

Full stop (.) is put at the end of an imperative sentence.

  1. EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES

An Exclamatory sentence expresses a sudden and strong feeling of joy, sorrow or wonder.

The words ‘ What’ and ‘How’ and interjections, such as ‘Alas!”, ” Hurrah!’, ‘Bravo!’, ‘Oh!’ or ‘Oh God!’ express feelings and are used in the beginning of the Exclamatory Sentences.

Read some exclamatory sentences:

  1. Hurrah! we have won a lottery. (Joy)
  2. Alas! my grandfather expired last Monday. (Sorrow)
  3. Oh! he is no more. (Sorrow)
  4. Bravo! it is a good ball. (Praise)
  5. How beautiful the rainbow is! (Wonder) 

We put a mark of exclamation (!) in an exclamatory sentence.

  1. OPTATIVE SENTENCES

An Optative sentence expresses a prayer, wish or desire.

Examples:

  1. May you all succeed! (Wish)
  2. Long live the President! (Wish)
  3. Wish that he were here! (Wish)
  4. May God bless you with good health! (Prayer) 

Mark of exclamation (!) is put at the end of an optative sentence.

Exercise 4

State whether the following sentences are assertive, interrogative, imperative, exclamatory or optative. Write A for assertive, ‘Q’ for interrogative, ‘I’ for imperative, ‘E’ for exclamatory and ‘O’ for optative sentences.

  1. How old are you?
  2. May God bless you!
  3. Take care of your health.
  4. What a beautiful flower it is!
  5. How badly she was injured!
  6. Do you exercise daily?
  7. Please remit my fine.
  8. She always speaks the truth.
  9. We do not tell a lie.
  10. Alas! I am undone.
  11. Do not pluck the flowers.
  12. How do you do?
  13. Hurrah! we have won.
  14. Wish that I were a king!
  15. Can you do it?
  16. Who won the prize?
  17. Two and two make four.
  18. What a lovely sight!
  19. Tell me the truth.
  20. Help the needy.

Exercise 5

Change the following sentences into negative sentences:

  1. Mohan learns his lesson.
  2. You are telling a lie.
  3. They have written an essay.
  4. He has been learning his lesson for thirty minutes.
  5. She told a made-up story.
  6. I was making a boat.
  7. You had already taken food.
  8. Maya had been solving the sum since morning.
  9. I shall take rest today.
  10. The players will be taking rest at this time.
  11. The students in the class are making a noise.
  12. That is a very spacious house.
  13. He bought a new book.
  14. I told my brother a story.
  15. Sita gave me some money.

Exercise 6

Change the following assertive sentences into interrogative sentences:

  1. You are studying in class VII.
  2. They do not smoke.
  3. I have learned my lesson.
  4. They make a bouquet.
  5. The crowd cheered for the winners.
  6. We shall go out in the rain.
  7. I am not tired.
  8. The dog is in the kennel.
  9. You can lift it.
  10. You will help him.

Exercise 7

Write the Subject and the Predicate in each of the following sentences.

Example: Players were playing in the school ground.

Subject – Players

Predicate – were playing in the school ground.

  1. The Gita is a sacred book of the Hindus.
  2. We are visiting historical places today.
  3. The postman delivers letters every morning.
  4. The ground was full of grass.
  5. The cattle on the hill are all mine.
  6. Please help me.
  7. Collecting stamps is a nice hobby.
  8. Who broke the window?
  9. William Tell shot the apple.
  10. The Principal appointed him the school captain.

Exercise 8

Match the Subject under Column A with the relevant Predicate under Column B:

Column A

Column B

1. These flowers

(a) cooks well.

2. The story

(b) burns brightly.

3. Fire

(c) seldom bite.

4. Her mother

(d) look fresh.

5. Jack and Jill

(e) are born lucky.

6. Some people

(f) catches the worm.

7. Barking dogs

(g) is cold.

8. The ground

(h) is interesting.

9. The early bird

(i) went up the hill.

10. The water

(j) was full of grass.

11. The teacher

(k) is driving the car.

12. The coach

(l) builds the house.

13. The driver

(m) teaches us.

14. The preacher

(n) trains the players.

15. The mason

(o) preaches.

   

Exercise 9

Choose the suitable Subjects for the following Predicates from the given options:

  1. …………. sets in the West.

(i) The Moon (ii) The Sun (iii) The Star (iv) The Planet

  1. ………….. is rising because of pollution. 

(i) Temperature (ii) Population (iii) Price (iv) Pollution

  1. …………. is a precious metal.

(i) Brass (ii) Iron (iii) Gold (iv) Silver

  1. …………. chased the pickpockets.

(i) The Justice (ii) The policeman (iii) A child (iv) A girl

  1. ……… was looking for his pet dog. 

(i) I (ii) She (iii) It (iv) He

  1. ……….. grow on trees.

(i) Peas (ii) Petals (iii) Pumpkin (iv) Apples

  1. ………. is the capital of India. 

(i) Delhi (ii) New Delhi (iii) Hastinapur (iv) Kolkata

  1. …………. cannot run fast.

(i) The elephant (ii) The tortoise (iii) The horse (iv) The hare

  1. …………. is the capital of Himachal Pradesh. 

(i) Delhi (ii) Chandigarh (iii) Agra (iv) Shimla

  1. ……….. helps everybody in difficulties.

(i) A Minister (ii) The bureaucrat (iii) God (iv) Devil

  1. …………………. was prime minister of India.

(i) Mahatma Gandhi (ii)Subhash Chandra Bose (iii) Jawaharlal Nehru (iv) Sardar Patel

  1. ……… examined the patient.

(i) The compounder (ii) The doctor (iii) The teacher (iv) The politician

  1. ………. is a hill station.

(i) Agra (ii) Chandigarh (iii) Shimla (iv) Jodhpur

  1. ………. came out of the bus.

(i) The passengers (ii) The beggars (iii) The policemen (iv) The animals

  1. ………… are not easy to find these days.

(i) Cows (ii) Peacocks (iii) Dogs (iv) Tigers

  1. ………. was a lawyer.

(i) Bhagat Singh (ii) Sarojini Naidu (iii) Mahatma Gandhi (iv) Indira Gandhi

  1. ……… was wearing a glittering dress.

(i) The beggar (ii) The bride (iii) The maid (iv) The orphan

  1. ………….. builds houses.

(i) The carpenter (ii) The mason (iii) The teacher (iv) The bodybuilder

  1. …………. is celebrated on 26th January.

(i) Independence Day (ii) Gandhi Jayanti (iii) Republic Day (iv) Children’s Day

  1. ……….. was teaching the students.

 (i) The teacher (ii) The engineer (iii) The clerk (iv) The cook

Multiple Choice Questions

Tick () the correct box to indicate the type of sentence, whether Declarative or Assertive (D), Interrogative (I), Imperative (I’m), Exclamatory (Ex) or Optative (O):

  1. Do the boys play an indoor game?
  2. Obey your parents.
  3. How beautiful the scene is!
  4. The girls sing a sweet song.
  5. We must respect our elders.
  6. Don’t boast of your wealth.
  7. Why have you spoilt your clothes?
  8. Please help me.
  9. Alas! we have lost the match.
  10. May God help you!

 

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