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Word Meaning, Summary, Important Questions Of Chapter 8 The Hack Driver
| Class 10

Hindi Meaning Of Difficult Words | Chapter 8 The Hack Driver

1	Bare	naked	खुला हुआ	unclothed, undressed, uncovered
2	Eager	impatient	उत्सुक	avid, intent, fervent
3	Admire	praise, appreciate	प्रशंसा	extoll, compliment
4	Admitted	confess	स्वीकार किया	accepted, granted, recognized
5	Adventures	exploit or event	एडवेंचर्स	exploit, escapade, deed
6	Affection	love and care for someone	स्नेह	dearness, devotion, mash
7	Agreeable	pleasing, nice	सहमत	engaging, satisfying, fine
8	Anxious	concerned, worried	चिंतित	comfortless, easeless, vexed
9	Assistant	junior	सहायक	subordinate, deputy, auxiliary
10	Bargain	to negotiate the price of something	मोल तोल	covenant, treaty, entente
11	Barn	outhouse, shelter	अनाजघर	stable, mews, pound
12	Begged	To request	निवेदन करना	entreat, implore, adjure
13	Black box on wheels	refers to the horse cart	पहियों पर ब्लैक बॉक्स	…...........
14	Charge	to cost	लागत	expense, price, tariff
15	Cheerily	happy	खुशी से	cordially, freely, heartily.
16	Concluded	draw the judgement	निष्कर्ष निकाला	terminate, close, cease
17	Confidence	trust, belief	विश्वास	faith, credence, conviction
18	Considered	thought over	माना	examine, appraise, review
19	Cornered	forced into a place or situation	कोनों	dominate, monopolize, capture
20	Creeks	a stream or minor tributary	खाड़ियों	gulf, sound, firth
21	Deceiving	cheating	धोखा देना	hoodwink, bamboozle, skunk
22	Detective	investigator	जासूसी	spy, piper, dick
23	Digging	to till	खुदाई	cultivate, harrow, plough
24	Disappointed	upset	निराश	frustrated, hopeless, desperate
25	Disrespectful	rude, impolite	असभ्य	intractable, rough, uncivilized
26	Ditches	a drain or trench	खाइयों	moat, chasm, gulf
27	Earnestly	sincerely	ज़ोर देकर	seriously, gravely, soberly
28	Enormous	huge	विशाल	giant, spacious, large
29	Entirely	completely	पूरी तरह से	absolutely, totally, fully
30	Examined	to look or consider a person or place	जांच की	ensue, discover, reconnoitre
31	Exhausted	used up, finished	थका	aweary, spun, forworn
32	Expectation	belief, supposition	उम्मीद	hope, prospect, promise
33	Fleeing	running away	भागते हुए	flit, scram, skedaddle
34	Folks	people	मित्रों	humans, persons, individuals
35	Frightened	afraid or anxious	भयभीत	fearful, scared, apprehensive
36	Glowed	Here, it means impressed	चमकता हुआ	glisten, brighten, shine
37	Graduating	often getting a university degree	स्नातक	categorize, rank, grade
38	Greasy meal	oily food	चिकना भोजन	creamy, fatty, slick.
39	Hack Driver	the one drives a horse cart or hack	हैक ड्राइवर	cabdriver, Cabman, livery driver.
40	Hangs out	To spend time doing nothing in particular	हैंग आउट	dally, haunt, linger.
41	Hesitated	be in two minds, stall	झिझक	vacillate, suspect, boggle
42	Hinted	suggest	संकेत दिया	insinuate, intimate, suggest
43	Hunt	search for	खोजना	cast about, Explore, prospect
44	Legal briefs	A written legal document	कानूनी संक्षेप	….........
45	Lingered	waited around	विलंब करना	unfasten, decelerate, tarry
46	Loafing	spend time in idle way	आवारगी	laze, lounge, do nothing
47	Magnificent	glorious, majestic	शानदार	spectacular, stunning, illustrious
48	Meadows	field, pasture	मीडोज	paddock, water meadow, grassland
49	Ought to	should	करना चाहिए	must, need, shall
50	Owes	be in a debt/ an obligation to pay money	बकाया	bind out, be under obligation, belong
51	Pastures	grassland	चराई	paddock, croft, meadow
52	Philosophy	ideology, beliefs	दर्शनशास्र	credo, convictions, ideology
53	Poker game	a type of card game.	पोकर खेल	bingo, bridge, canasta.
54	Poolroom	A place to play pool, a betting shop	मतदान कक्ष	playroom, basement, rumpus room.
55	Probably	more likely	शायद	perhaps, maybe, presumably
56	Proceed	to begin	बढ़ना	come up, gain upon, get on
57	Promising	hopeful	आशाजनक	good, encouraging, favourable
58	Pursued	chased	पीछा किये	run after, follow, hunt
59	Regret	to be sorry	खेद	grief, gloominess, dejection
60	Rejoiced	happiness, joy	आनन्द किया	be glad, relish, smile
61	Represents	Be appointed to act on behalf of or speak for someone	प्रतिनिधित्व करता है	speak for, constitute, mean
62	Resumed	restart	फिर से शुरू	begin again, start again, renew
63	Retired	Here, went inside	अवकाश प्राप्त	emeritus, past, pensioned
64	Retreat	pull back	पीछे हटना	digress, retrograde, shrink
65	Revealed	disclose	प्रकट	apparent, visible, evident
66	Scarcely	hardly	शायद ही	heavily, scarce, inchmeal
67	Seized	grabbed, snatched	जब्त	grasp, grip, clutch
68	Serve	to issue	सेवा कर	attend, wait, cater
69	Settled	fixed	स्थिर	resolve, sort out, clear up
70	Shadowy	dark, dim	छायादार	umbrageous, bowery
71	Shameful	disgraceful	शर्मनाक	disgraceful, scandal
72	Sick of	fed up	से तंग आ गया	tired, weary, dulled.
73	Slipped	slided	फिसल गया	slither, glide, fall over
74	Stable	A place where horse is tied up	स्थिर	static, stationary, constant
75	Strengthened	gave strength	मजबूत	reinforce, buttress, brace
76	Summons	court order	नोटिस	subpoena, warrant, arraignment
77	Suspicious	doubtful	संदेहजनक	dubious, implausible, Inexplicit
78	Swede	a native or inhabitant of Sweden, or a person of Swedish descent.	स्वीडिश जहाज़	…........
79	Talent	quality	प्रतिभा	genius, brilliance, dowry
80	Terror	fright	आतंक	panic, consternation, dread
81	Unpleasant	horrible	अप्रिय	abominable, gritty, unpopular
82	Victims	preys	पीड़ित	sufferer, casualty, fatality
83	Warmth	warmth of friendliness	गर्मजोशी	heat, cosiness, snugness
84	Whispered	murmured	फुसफुसाए	mutter, breathe, purr
85	Witness	viewer, observer	गवाह	observer, onlooker, looker-on

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About The Poet | Chapter 8 The Hack Driver

INTRODUCTION

‘The Hack Driver’ is a story about a man named Oliver Lutkins. He was the only witness in a case but he ignored all the requests for appearing. Then a young lawyer went to New Mullion in search of Lutkins. There he met a noble and generous man, the hack driver. The driver took him around the village in search of Lutkins but was unable to find him. Later on, the lawyer came to know that the hack (cart) driver was Oliver Lutkins himself. The young lawyer became a laughing stock of all.

Short Summary Of Chapter 8 The Hack Driver
In English

SUMMARY The story is about a junior assistant clerk in a big law firm. He was on a training period, which didn’t like as he had never given any real work of a lawyer. He was asked to summons to a man, called Oliver Lutkins, rather than preparing legal briefing.

Oliver Lutkins was the only witness in a law case. On arriving at the railway station, the narrator met a delivery man named Bill. He was a hack driver and willing to help him in searching of Lutkin. On the way to visit the village, hack driver talked with the narrator and said that Lutkin never returned the money he borrowed from village people. They went to Fritz’s shop where Lutkin played poker and from there to a barber and then a poolroom. But, they were not able to find Lutkins.

In the afternoon, the narrator was feeling hungry so, they went to the hack driver’s home for lunch and for which he paid half dollar.

At last, they went to Oliver farmyard. There they met Oliver’s mother. When she heard that a lawyer was coming to serve summon on her son, she took out an iron rod from stove and threatened them to burn them by that. They were afraid of her, but still they searched all around, but could not find Lutkin anywhere. His mother laughed at both of them. The narrator came back to his city. On the way going back, he got to know from his companion that the hack driver himself was Lutkins. And he was thinking that he had to complete homework, before serving summon to a man like Lutkins.

TITLE JUSTIFICATION

TITLE JUSTIFICATION

“The Hack Driver” is the title of the story where a driver cheated a man. Basically, this story revolves around two personalities, Oliver Lutkins (hack driver) and a lawyer. The hack driver was a clever man. He easily impressed lawyer with his words that he knew Lutkins. He also added that Lutkins borrowed money from village people and never returned them. He visited the whole village with the lawyer in search of Lutkins and at last, the lawyer got to know that the Hack Driver himself was Lutkins.

THEME

THEME

The lesson talks about a character who was duped. He should have been careful and should not have taken his work for granted. The world is full of fraudulent and imposters. He was easily tricked and fooled by villagers, where he had least doubts. He wasn’t cheated personally even financially as well. He spent his day roaming around with a trickster who turned out to be the same at the end. Not only he was tricked but was also humiliated also. Thus one has to keep his eyes open so that he won’t fall and minimize himself to be a joker.

MESSAGE

MESSAGE

A young lawyer went to a village to serve summon on Oliver Lutkins. He met Bill who fooled him and made him believe that he was helping him. He took him at various places in search of Lutkins and everywhere he pretended that Lutkins has just left that place. Convinced himself that someone tried to help him but failed. But when he reached the village again, he was shocked to learn that the man was Lutkins himself. One can learn that a well read lawyer can be duped if he becomes careless or dependent. Cautious moves could have saved the lawyer time and money.

CHARACTER SKETCH

CHARACTER SKETCH

Oliver Lutkins

He was a fat man of forty years. He was a friendly man. His working clothes were dirty and well-worn. He met the narrator and convinced that he would be a great help to him. He was paid for the time he would spend in search of Lutkins. He attended the narrator well. He was hospitable and considerate to him. However, he was befooling the narrator and made fun of him. When he visited him again to serve him summon. He mocked at him. He extracted money. He even lied about his mother.

The narrator

The narrator is definitely a romantic idealist. He is fresher from a law school. He wants to solve a real case. But, as a part of training, he is sent to serve summons. He finds it difficult to understand. He simply dislikes his job as he has to go to all dirty places. Further, he has a very romantic view of the country. He believes that villages are all pure and peaceful. There is no ugliness of the city in them. He also thinks that villagers are very honest and decent people. He has a habit of trusting people blindly. He believes in whatever someone says. In fact, he is very gullible. Later on, he realizes that a village can also be ugly. He also experiences that villagers are not always simple and honest.

GLOSSARY

Summons-legal call from court;

Serve- deliver;

Honors- specialization;

Magnificent-splendid;

Briefs- short notes;

Seek out-to find out;

Revealed- showed;

Fleeing-running away;

Rejoiced-was glad.

Eager-keen;

Severely-badly;

Bare off-without;

Agreeable- pleasant;

Sight-scene;

Well worn-much used;

Poker-a game of card;

Locating-finding:

Hangs out-roams;

Suspicious- doubtful;

Refused- denied;

Settled- decided:

Earnestly- seriously:

Deceiving- heating;

Admire- to praise:

Regret-feel sorry:

Cheerily-brightly:

Hiding-trying hide;

Admitted- accepted:

Lingered-lagged behind;

Swede- a citizen of Sweden;

Concluded- made out;

Exhausted- consumed till the end;

Pursued- followed;

Entirely- completely,

Brotherly- of a brother,

Worth-befitting;

Wisdom- intelligence;

Pastures- grassland;

Creek- a small stream:

Debt-borrowed money;

Commented-remarked;

Adventures-risky works;

Philosophy-ideology:

Strengthened- made me strong:

Resumed- took up again;

Sighed- took a deep breath:

Chasing- following:

Swearing- oath taking:

Farmyard- compound of a farm:

Enormous- huge;

Carter- driver,

Seized- took hold;

Retreat-return;

Peering in-looking through;

Barn- store house for crop:

Considered- thought;

Beyond- out of limit;

Treasure- wealth;

Loafing- wandering,

Prevent- stop:

Strangely- oddly;

Quarrelling- fighting:

Folks-people.

TYPE I: REFERENCE TO CONTEXT (VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS)

TYPE II: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (30-40 WORDS EACH)

Answer the following questions:

Why is the lawyer sent to New Mullion? What does he first think about the place?

Ans. The lawyer was sent to New Mullion to serve summon to a man who was needed as witness in a law case, named Oliver Lutkins. He had expected the place to be a sweet and simple country village.

Who befriends him? Where does he take him?

Ans. The lawyer was befriended by a man named Bill He told him that he would help him to find out Lutkins. He took him to the entire place where Lutkins was expected. However, Oliver Lutkins was not found anywhere as he was himself was Oliver Lutkins.

With whom the narrator meets first when he went to New Mullion? Where did he take him?

Ans. The narrator meets a hack driver when he went New Mullion to find. Lutkins against whom he had a summon. They went to Beneke , Gustaff’s barber’s shop and finally to Lutkins house. The hack driver and the lawyer visited the whole village in search of Lutkins. At last, the lawyer found that the hack driver was the real Lutkins.

Who was Oliver Lutkins? What did he do to fool the young lawyer?

Ans. Oliver Lutkins was the prime witness in a law case from New Mullion town. He fooled the lawyer who was sent to his town to serve the summon. Befriending him as a hack driver who was willing to help him, they visited the whole town but they were unable to find Lutkins.

Give a character sketch of Lutkin’s mother.

Ans. Lutkin’s mother was nine feet tall and four feet thick She was quick as a cat. She could talk a lot. She was like a terror. She was living in a poor farmyard and she was brave too.

With what impression did the lawyer come back to the city?

Ans. The lawyer was greatly impressed by the behavior of the hack driver, Bill and his helping attitude towards his problem. Oblivious to the identity of the hack driver as Lutkins himself, he presumed the hospitality offered to him as the general attitude of the country folk. He liked the simplicity and forthcoming behavior of Bill. He set in his mind to settle at New Mullion.

Why did the narrator feel unpleasant while going through thz training period?

Ans.The narrator was a junior assistant clerk and during the training period, he was sent to dirty village to serve summon to a man, named Oliver Lutkins. That’s why he was feeling unpleasant.

Why was the lawyer sent to New Mullion?

Ans. The lawyer was sent to New Mullion to serve summon to a man called Oliver Lutkins, who was the prime witness in a case. Because Oliver Lutkins didn’t respond to letters which court had sent earlier.

When the lawyer arrives at the railway station, what made him glad?

Ans. The narrator was glad, on reaching the railway station. As he found a man willing to help him. He also helped him to find out the hack driver with whom he could go to the Lutkins place.

What did the hack driver charge the narrator?

Ans. The hack driver charged two dollars an hour for his work. He also added money for further increase in the hours as well as for the food he offered from his home.

Who was Lutkins? Did the narrator serve the summons on that day?

Ans. Oliver Lutkins was a middle aged man who was the prime witness of a case. He was a very clever man and he tricked the narrator. The narrator came to the village to serve summon to Lutkins. He cleverly made the narrator fool and the narrator could not serve summon that day.

List out the place where the narrator and the hack driver visited to find out Lutkins.

Ans. They went to Fritz’s shop from where they went to Gustaff’s barber shop. There he was told that Lutkins could be at Gray’s barber shop. Then they went to three miles north, his mother’s farm. It was the last place they visited.

Who was the hack driver? Describe the incident which hurt the feeling of the narrator.

Ans. The hack driver was Oliver Lutkins himself. When both of them went to Lutkin’s mother farm house, she treated them disrespectfully. She laughed at him which really hurt the feeling of the narrator.

How can you say that the narrator’s work was unpleasant?

Ans. The narrator’s work was unpleasant. He had to go to all sorts of unhygienic and dangerous places, so as to serve summons to different people. He was also afraid of people as they could beat him for his work.

Give a pen sketch of hack driver.

Ans. The hack driver looked to be about forty years in age. He wore dirty and worn out clothes. He had red face. He was cheerful and generous man.

The hack driver offer to help the lawyer in finding out Lutkin. Why?

Ans. The hack driver was none other than Oliver Lutkins himself. He pretended to be a hack driver because he didn’t want to take summon and to go as a witness. He helped the lawyer to find out Lutkins as he could not come to know about him from other persons.

But he was no more dishonest than I’. Explain.

Ans. The narrator meant to say that the hack driver was as dishonest as him because he was getting paid for riding the narrator on his cart on the pretense of helping him. He was dishonest as he didn’t inquire thoroughly from nearby place and blindly trusted a man.

Write any two things which the narrator liked the most about Bill.

Ans. Firstly he liked Bill’s cheerful and helpful behavior. He also liked his altitude towards him. Secondly he liked him for his simplicity and philosophical wisdom.

How did the narrator get to know that Lutkins was the hack driver?

Ans. When the narrator’s companion went there with Lutkins, looking far the hack driver, he pointed out that the hack driver was Lutkin himself. Both Lutkins: and his mother were laughing at the narrator. He felt guilty for himself.

What did the hack driver tell the narrator about Lutkins’ mother?

Ans. According to the hack driver, Lutkins’ mother was a real terror. He also said that she was quick as a cat. She was a dangerous lady. And actually she frightened them using a hot iron rod.

TYPE III: LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (100-120 WORDS EACH)

Answer the following questions:

Write the character sketch of the hack driver.

Ans. Oliver Lutkins, ‘the Hack Driver’ comes across as a clever person who has little consideration for others and exploits their gullibility to his convenience. He cheats the lawyer on the pretext of helping him in locating Lutkins and thereby extracts money from him in an unfair manner. The fact that he laughs at him the following day when lawyer delivers the summon, shows that he lacks consideration and don’t repent his action. He seems to have little respect for law as he has disobeyed the earlier summons. But the narrator also depicts him as a person with a sense of humor that one almost forgives his tricks as a practical joke.

How did the narrator get to know about Bill’s reality?

Ans. Bill was a witness in a case. The narrator was sent by his firm to serve summons to Lutkins at New Mullion. The narrator could not identify him as he had never met him before. The fun-loving Lutkins took advantage of the narrator’s ignorance and befooled him. He introduced himself as Bill and offered him find Lutkins. He took him all around the village but with no success. Satisfied with Bill’s help, the narrator returned without serving the summon.

Next morning he visited again New Mullions with a man who knew Lutkins by face. At the station the lawyer saw Bill talking to Lutkins’ mother in a friendly manner. The lawyer was surprised to know from his companion that Bill was no other man than Lutkins himself.

Why do you think Lutkins’ neighbors were anxious to meet the lawyer?

Ans. The lawyer was sent to serve summon to Lutkins at New Mullion. Bill had befooled the lawyer by taking him all over the village and posing that he was helping him in his search of Lutkins. The villagers knew the reality that he was having fun and befooling the lawyer by not revealing his real identity. They also joined him in the fun as they were part of their meeting.

The lawyer was described as an innocent boy who was easily duped and the whole village had enjoyed it. Lutkins neighbors were the only one who has missed seeing the lawyer the previous day. So they were anxious to see him.

How did the hack driver reveal Lutkins?

Ans. Reaching New Mullion, the narrator happened to meet the hack driver. The narrator asked about Lutkins. Bill presented himself to assist him. But he was Lutkins himself.

The hack driver painted the negative image of Lutkins. He said that Lutkins was very popular among his fellow villagers. He was a careless, dishonest wanderer and could be seen here, there, everywhere. He was always upto one thing or the other. He was fond of playing poker at Fritz’s shop. He owed money to several people. He was not really bad but it was hard to recover money from him.

Describe the narrator’s first visit to New Mullion?

Ans. The narrator came to New Mullion to serve summons to Lutkins. At the station he met a cheerful agreeable hack driver who was Lutkins himself. The fun-loving Lutkins, introduced himself as Bill, the hack driver. He offered the author to help him in finding Lutkins, whereas he had no intention to help him out as he was Lutkins himself. He took him all over the village but with no success. He entertained the narrator with his lucid description of the village folk, charged him two dollars per hour and half a dollar for food. The narrator returned to the city without serving the summons but he was happy. He was impressed by the warm affection, kind and helpful nature of Bill and his present job. He had made up his mind to settle in New Mullion.

QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE

What work did the narrator do in the law firm?
Why was the narrator sent to New Mullion?
How did Lutkins receive the narrator?
The narrator really enjoyed the company of the hack driver. Justify the statement.
Persons like Lutkins are present everywhere in your society. What precautions should you take to protect yourself from them?